THIS PAPER proposes an overview of the development of oil
palm production in Indonesia combining two levels: (i) a national and
historical perspective of the development of the sector; (ii) a regional
approach considering two contrasting provinces, Riau and Jambi.
Starting with colonial times, the national approach deals
first with the main periods that punctuate the development of oil palm
plantations up to the contemporary period, marked by the liberalization of the
economy. It emphasizes several factors that played a strategic role in the
development of palm oil production, such as the role of the State and
migration.
After presenting the different models that structure the
relationships among stakeholders and how these relationships have evolved, the
role of small family planters is analyzed. This section ends with a review of
some controversial issues: livelihood improvement, land tenure and customary
rights, inclusion versus exclusion, market risks, forest and environmental
threats and governance.
The regional approach gives context to the development of
palm oil production within two territories that have different historical
backgrounds, with Jambi entering into production relatively recently. In each
of the two provinces, the themes and issues involved in palm oil development
identified at national level are analyzed, with specific emphasis on
stakeholders’ strategic behaviours. The paper concludes with a comparative
perspective on both provinces.
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Alice Baudoin, Pierre-Marie Bosc, Cécile Bessou, & Patrice
Levang, “Review of the Diversity of Palm Oil Production Systems in Indonesia: Case
Study of Two Provinces: Riau and Jambi”, Working Paper 219, (Bogor: CIFOR,
2017). DOI: 10.17528/cifor/006462
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