Yuniati, “People and Outsiders' Interaction on Management: Case Studies from Jambi Province, Indonesia”, Electronic Conference (e-Conference) on "Addressing Natural Resource Conflicts through Community Forestry", The Community Forestry Unit (CFU) of the Forestry Department of FAO and the Forests, Trees and People Programme (FTPP), January-May 1996.
THIS CASE study describes conflicts that have arisen between two villages adjacent to Kerinci Seblat National Park, the national park manager and businessmen. The Kerinci Selbat forest was established as a national park in 1982 because the impact of deforestation on the forest area. The boundary of the park overlapped with that of customary forest used by local communities, forest used for industrial purposes and conversion forests.
In Indonesia, there are no clear laws and regulations on the use of natural resources and forests. Forest resources are government owned, and community rights to manage customary forests are not clear. This has led to conflicts regarding forest use, The boundary disputes and disputes over the share system of agriculture between communities are usually resolved informally at the local level with customary practices. If this is not sufficient, it is taken to the subdistrict level.
The more complicated disputes are those between the government and the villagers, or the businesses and the communities. An example of the complexity is seen in Pangalan Jambu village where different parties are interested in using the same area for different purposes. The community needs forest area for farmland and gold mining, the concessionaires have the right to log in the forest, and the government has included this area in a national park. The local community believes they have the right to this forest because they were the first to utilize the local forest. Assisted by WWF, the villagers are attempting to get legal recognition of their rights to the forest area.
The communities are actively involved in overcoming the conflict, either through local practices when the conflicts are between two villages, or through representation of the village views by a local leader when another party like the government or a business is involved. A third party, WWF, has played a role in facilitating the negotiation. One of the conclusions of this study was that there is a greater need for recognition of local traditions and practices.[]
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